Online dictionary of politics and media in Japan: organization

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Ministry of foreign affairs

外務省
alternative words: Japanese ministry of foreign affairs, Foreign affair ministry, Gaimusho, Gaimushou, Gaimu sho, Gaimu shou
keywords: organization
related topics: Tanaka Makiko
related web sites: http://www.mofa.go.jp
explanation: Founded in 1869, the ministry of foreign affairs was a rare ministry not affected by a great ministerial reorganization of 2000 but troubled by the international and internal problems such as territorial disputes, visit of ex Taiwanese president, school manual problem, fraud on secret funds etc. Moreover, newly appointed rowdy Tanaka Makiko declared a war to her own ministry by accusing the executives of dissimulating the fraud on secret funds of foreign ministry.

Red army faction

赤軍派
alternative words: Red army, Sekigunha, Sekigun ha
keywords: organization
related web sites: http://www.tk.xaxon.ne.jp/~yuugeki/sekiguntop.htm
explanation: Radical faction appeared from a dissidence of student organization, Kyosan Shugisha Domei in 1969. By using the most extremist methods, they attracted quickly a police attention and many members were arrested at Daibosatsu pass while some members fled to North Korea by high jacking an airplane in 1970 (Yodogo incident) or joint Palestinian movement. Those who remained in Japan were arrested after a bloody assault at Karuizawa (Asamasanso incident) in 1972.

Sangiin

参議院
alternative words: House of councilors, Senate, Japanese house of councilors, Japanese senate
keywords: organization
related topics: Shugiin
related web sites: http://www.shangiin.go.jp
explanation: According to the 1946 constitution, the senate members are elected by Japanese nationals from 20 years old and eligible from 30. The term of office is 6 years but a half of members have to go to the election each 3 years. They are elected form prefectural constituencies or nation wide proportional constituency. If the senate contradicts with the diet on the choice of prime minister, budget or other laws, the diet prevails over the senate with 2/3 of vote unless 60 days later.

Shugiin

衆議院
alternative words: House of representatives, Diet, Japanese house of representatives, Japanese diet, Shuugiin
keywords: organization
related topics: Sangiin
related web sites: http://www.shugiin.go.jp , http://www.shugiintv.go.jp
explanation: According to the 1946 constitution, the diet members are elected by Japanese nationals from 20 years old and eligible from 25. The term of office is 4 years but dissoluble by the prime minister. If the senate contradicts with the diet on the choice of prime minister, budget or other laws, the diet prevails over the senate with 2/3 of vote unless 60 days later. Initially they were elected from mid size constituencies (2-5 seats each). From 1994, a mixture of proportional by region and one seat constituencies

Tsukuru kai

つくる会 新しい歴史教科書をつくる会
alternative words: Tsukurukai, Atarashii kyokasho o tsukuru kai, Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform
keywords: organization
related web sites: http://www.tsukurukai.com , http://www.fusosha.co.jp , http://user2.allnet.ne.jp/noz/kotoba/Politics/Tsukuru.html
explanation: In order to replace the current Japanese school manuals frequently echoing the opinion of Koreans and Chinese about Japanese war crimes and colonialism, a volunteer's organization was founded in 1997. In 2001, their manual of history was passed the control of a commission and published by Fusosha. But it provoked a large protestation movement in China and Korea. In Korea, it reached the apex with the boycott of Japanese products and cultural exchange programs.

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