Online dictionary of history and traditions in Japan: china

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5 Japanese kings

倭の五王
alternative words: Five Japanese kings, Wa no goou, Wa no goo, Wanogoou, Wanogoo
keywords: china , emperor , famous person
related topics: Himiko , Yamato dynasty , Kofun period , Wa , Emperor Yuryaku
related web sites: http://www.tg.rim.or.jp/~picno/ , http://www.inetmie.or.jp/~jin/WAGOOU.html
explanation: After Himiko and her successor Toyo sent mission to China in 3th century, Japan entered a civil war period so the diplomatic relation stopped. After an establishment of Yamato dynasty in 5th, 5 Japanese emperors, so called "5 Japanese kings", sent mission to China in order to get a recognition of their dynasty. The difference of genealogy between existing Chinese and Japanese documents has provoked a controversy: only Emperor Yuryaku (Bu in Chinese) is unanimously recognized.

Bonsai

盆栽
alternative words: potted plant, dwarf tree, miniature tree
keywords: art , china , craft
related topics: Kamakura period , Zen
related web sites: http://www.bonsai.co.jp , http://www.mini-bonsai.com , http://www.nsknet.or.jp/~ja2br/ , http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~zh6m-nsi/
explanation: The art of cultivating dwarfing trees and means " tray planting". It appeared initially in China during Tang dynasty more than 1000 years ago and introduced into Japan during Kamakura period with Zen. It had developed then quickly in Japan because it answered perfectly needs of Samurai clans who seeked a rest between 2 battles. This art having declined in China, it has been exported and loved all over the world with the Japanese name of Bonsai.

Daruma

達磨
alternative words: Darma, Bodhidharma, Daruma doll
keywords: buddhism , china , craft
related topics: Zen , Buddhism
related web sites: http://www.amie.or.jp/daruma/ , http://www.daruma.or.jp
explanation: Indian Buddhist priest, born in circa 470. He came to China to teach Zen doctrine but little is known about his real life. In Japan, he is popular through a doll showing his meditation posture in a red robe. Daruma doll of cocoon form appeared during Edo period at Takasaki city in Gunma prefecture to pray for a healthy growth of silk worms. Now people set it before any challenge such as an election by drawing one eye and will complete the eye when it becomes successful.

Emperor Yuryaku

雄略天皇倭王武
alternative words: Emperor Yuuryaku, Yuryaku tenno, Waketakeru no mikoto, Prince Waketakeru, King Bu, Yuryaku
keywords: china , emperor , famous person
related topics: 5 Japanese kings , Yamato dynasty , Kofun period
related web sites: http://www.geocities.co.jp/CollegeLife/9791/Yuryaku.html
explanation: Japanese 21th Emperor. In the letter sent to Chinese emperor in 5th century, Youryaku says that my ancestors have been busy to extend our domain: to the east, we conquered 55 Ainu's countries, to the west, 66 rebellion countries then crossed over the sea to the north to conquer 95 countries. During his life, not only he conquered more territories but eliminated internal foes. His Japanese name "Waketakeru" means "young and strong" while Chinese name "Bu" means "strong".

Empress Suiko

推古天皇
alternative words: Suiko tenno, Suiko tennou, Suiko, Empress Suiko tenno
keywords: china , emperor , famous person
related topics: Asuka period , Prince Shotoku
explanation: Suiko is the first empress of Japan of whom existence is certified. Born in 554 as a daughter of Soga clan and became the wife of Emperor Kinmei. After the assassination of Emperor Shushun by a killer sent by Soga, Suiko became the 33th emperor. With her nephew and regent, prince Shotoku, she strove to strengthen Yamato dynasty: not only she legislated many laws such as the constitution with 17 articles, but sent several missions to China (Kenzui-shi) to increase Japanese prestige. She died in 628.

Fusui

風水風水学
alternative words: Feng shui, Fuusui, Fusuigaku, Fu sui
keywords: architecture , china , mystery , philosophy
related topics: Onmyodo , In-yo go-gyo setsu
related web sites: http://www2.odn.ne.jp/fengshui/index/ , http://www.mine.ne.jp/yasuyuki/fusui/ , http://www.jsdi.or.jp/~nao/ , http://www.bekkoame.ne.jp/~matchi/
explanation: Invented in China 3000 years ago as an art to choose the locality of a capital, it became soon an art to choose the locality of any buildings and their architecture. Fusui had known a tremendous development in China and other Asian nations by associating other Chinese sciences such as In-yo go-gyo setsu because Fusui was considered to influence human destiny. Recently Fusui has been recognized even by scientific community because of the importance of an environment on human behaviors.

Guandong army

関東軍
alternative words: Kwantung army, Kantogun, Kanto gun, Kantougun, Kantou gun
keywords: china , colony , office , weapon , world war 2
related topics: Guandong army , Manshukoku , Russo-Japanese war , Nomonhan incident
explanation: After Russo-Japanese war, Japan created an independent army group at Port Arthur in 1919 to protect Liaodong peninsula and south Manchurian railroad. After Manchurian incident in 1931, it conquered all the Manchuria and strove to protect Japanese interests by provoking Nomonhan incident. During the world war II, the best units were sent to Pacific front to fight against Americans so when Soviets entered the war on August 8, 1945, they collapsed without resistance.

Himiko

卑弥呼
alternative words: Queen Himiko, Empress Himiko
keywords: china , famous person
related topics: Gishiwajinden , Nihonshoki , Yamataikoku , Empress Jingu , Yayoi period , Amaterasu
related web sites: http://www2.begin.or.jp/sakura/miya02.htm
explanation: Famous Japanese queen of the 3th century. According to an old Chinese history book, Gishiwajinden, it is her who had unified Japan from her country Yamataikoku or at least become the top representative of Japan after a great civil war. The old Japanese history book Nihonshoki affirms that Himiko should be Jingukogo, queen mother of Emperor Ojin but many histories don't agree with this thesis. She may correspond to the Japanese Sun goddess, Amaterasu.

Hojo Tokimune

北条時宗
alternative words: Tokimune Hojo
keywords: china , famous person
related topics: Shikken , Invasion of Mongols , Kamakura shogunate , Zen , Hojoshi
related web sites: http://www.nhk.or.jp/pr/bangumi/hojo/
explanation: Born in 1251 as the eldest son of the 5th Skikken, Tokiyori. Being too young to become himself Shikken, his oncles, Nagatoki and Masamura, became respectively 6th and 7th Shikken. After Mongols had sent an envoy in 1267, asking Japan to become their vassal state, Tokimuna became 8th Shikken in 1268 and carried out a firm policy toward them. He adhered strongly to Zen faith and built Enkakuji temple for his Zen teacher from China, Mugaku Sogen. He died in 1284.

In-yo go-gyo setsu

陰陽五行説
alternative words: Inyo gogyo setsu, Inyogogyosetsu, On-yo go-gyo setsu, Onyo gogyo setsu, Onyogogyosetsu
keywords: china , mystery , philosophy
related topics: Onmyodo , Asuka period , Fusui
explanation: Philosophy of Chinese origin. Inyo doctrine (Inyo setsu) interprets every thing with a positive-negative opposition like female-male or day-night, while Gogyo doctrine (Gogyo setsu) considers the Universe made with 5 basic elements (tree, fire, soil, metal and water) and their transitions. These 2 initially distinct doctrines had been merged to form Inyo-gogyo doctrine (Inyo gogyo setsu). It had arrived to Japan as a part of Onmyodo astrology during Asuka period.

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37 articles extracted from postgresql database.