Online dictionary of history and traditions in Japan: china

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Sino-Japanese war

日清戦争
alternative words: Sino Japanese war, China Japan war, Nisshin senso, Nisshinsenso, Nisshin sensou, Nisshinsensou
keywords: china , war
related topics: Meiji period , Shimonoseki treaty , Yamagata Aritomo
related web sites: http://www.geocities.co.jp/Hollywood/8468/nissin.htm , http://www.city.shimonoseki.yamaguchi.jp/kyoiku/shidoka/hurusato/www97/b4_kowa2.htm
explanation: War between China and Japan provoked by a dispute on Korean interests. It began in August 1894 in southern Korea. Before well trained Japanese troops, China showed virtually no resistance and her army had already retreated to southern Manchuria in the October 1894. At the same time the navy lost the battle of Yellow Sea in September 1894. Before this general debacle, China signed the humiliating treaty of Simonoseki in March 1895 and accepted the cession of Taiwan to Japan.

Tanabata

七夕七夕祭り
alternative words: Tanabata festival, Star festival, Tanabatamatsuri, Tanabata matsuri, Tanabata no sekku, Tanabata sekku
keywords: china , festival
related topics: Sekku , Nebuta
related web sites: http://www.tanabata.net , http://www.senganen.jp/event/tanabata/
explanation: It comes from a Chines legend: the 2 lovers symbolized by Weaver Star (Vega) and Cowherd Star (Altair) are allowed to meet each other on July 7 of each year. The celebration of this legend has become popular because other festivals like Sekku (festival of seasonal change) and Bon (festival of ancestors) fall approximately on the same season. Some regions observe Tanabata in the early August following the old lunar calendar, such as Nebuta festival in Aomori and Tanabata festival in Sendai.

Taoism

道教
alternative words: Dokyo, Doukyou
keywords: china , religion
related topics: Sennin , Buddhism , Motoori Norinaga , Heian period
related web sites: http://www.geocities.co.jp/HeartLand-Poplar/9843/contents.htm , http://www2s.biglobe.ne.jp/~xianxue/
explanation: Taoism is one of the 3 most popular religions in China with Buddhism and Confucianism. According to Motoori Norinaga of Kokugaku school, it has never been implemented officially in Japan but it gave some influences through Buddhism and Confucianism which had interacted with Taoism before arriving to Japan. In spite of a ban of Taoism, the concept of "Sennin" who promises a long or eternal life had been popular until Heian period but declined with the arrival of more comprehensible new Buddhism.

Tendai sect

天台宗
alternative words: Tendaishu sect, Tendaishu, Tendai-shu, Tendai shu, Tendai
keywords: buddhism , china , sect
related topics: Saicho , Buddhism , Esoteric Buddhism , Heian period , Kamakura period , Sengoku period , Oda Nobunaga
related web sites: http://www.tendai.or.jp
explanation: One of the esoteric Buddhism sects brought from China by Saicho. He was authorized to found Japanese branch in 806 at Mt Hiei near Kyoto. It had been especially popular among Heian nobility but its popularity decreased in Kamakura period due to a concurrence of new Buddhism sects, though it continued to keep a political power thanks to innumerable monk soldiers. During Sengoku period, after an attack of Oda Nobunaga, its power was virtually annihilated.

Tongzhou incident

通州事件通州
alternative words: Tsushu incident, Tsushujiken, Tsushu jiken, Tongzhou massacre, Tsushu massacre
keywords: china , event , war
related web sites: http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~KU3N-KYM/tyousa02/tushu5.htm , http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Academy/9246/tongzhou.htm
explanation: On 29 July 1937, hundreds of Japanese civilians were slaughtered at Tsushu (Tongzhou) in the eastern suburb of Peking. The incident was provoked by the militia of pro Japanese Kito (Jidong) government which formed a buffer zone between the mainland China and Manchukuo. By taking advantage of an absence of Japanese troops who went to fight elsewhere, they attacked Japanese civilians and massacred with cruel methods. China recognized the responsibility and paid the reparation.

Tsukimi

月見お月見
alternative words: Moon viewing, Moon festival
keywords: china , festival
related topics: Heian period , Edo period , Waka
related web sites: http://www.sci-museum.kita.osaka.jp/~kazu/tsukimi/newtukimi.html , http://www.onishi-g.co.jp/local9-1.htm , http://www.din.or.jp/~furumaya/masumi/fuukei.html
explanation: A custom coming from China and had become popular first among Heian nobility (they made many poems on this festival) before popularized among all the class in Edo period. It consists to admire a full moon in autumn (on August 15 or September 13 in old lunar calendar) on verandah by putting "susuki" (eulalia) and "dango" (flour made dumplings) as offerings. The well known places to admire the moon are Mt Ubasute in Nagano prefecture and Sayono Nakayama in Shizuoka prefecture.

Zen

禅禅宗
alternative words: Zen sect, Zenshu, Zen shu
keywords: buddhism , china , religion , sect
related topics: Daruma , Buddhism , Kamakura period , Rinzai sect , Myoan Yosai , Soto sect , Eihe Dogen
related web sites: http://www.ah.wakwak.com/~lotus/ , http://www.zenbunka.or.jp
explanation: One of Buddhist doctrines which gives an importance to the meditation and existed in India since old times. Daruma (Bodhidharma) propagated it to China around 5th century. In Japan it arrived during Nara period but hadn't become popular until Kamakura period when Eisai and Dogen brought from China respectively Rinzai and Soto teachings. Then, Zen gave great influences to Japanese architecture and literature. Zen comes from dhyana in Sanskrit, i.e. "meditation".

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37 articles extracted from postgresql database.